wangchao_0625 发表于 2013-2-5 02:35:17

C# DataSet和DataTable详解(一)

2009-4-21
1、创建DataSet对象:
DataSet ds = new DataSet("DataSetName");
2、查看调用SqlDataAdapter.Fill创建的结构

    da.Fill(ds,"Orders");   DataTable tbl = ds.Table;   foreach(DataColumn col in tbl.Columns)         Console.WriteLine(col.ColumnName);

3、查看SqlDataAdapter返回的数据
①、DataRow对象
    DataTable tbl = ds.Table;   DataRow row = tbl.Row;   Console.WriteLine(ros["OrderID"]);
②、检查存储在DataRow中的数据
       DataTable tbl = row.Table;   foreach(DataColumn col in tbl.Columns)   Console.WriteLine(row);
③、检查DatTable中的DataRow对象
            foreach(DataRow row in tbl.Rows) DisplayRow(row);


4、校验DataSet中的数据
①、校验DataColumn的属性:ReadOnly,AllowDBNull,MaxLength,Unique

②、DataTable对象的Constrains集合:UiqueConstraints,Primarykey,ForeignkeyConstraints

通常不必刻意去创建ForeignkeyConstraints,因为当在DataSet的两个DataTable对象之间创建关系时会创建一个。

③、用SqlDataAdapter.Fill模式来检索模式信息

5、编写代码创建DataTable对象

①、创建DataTable对象:DataTable tbl = new DataTable("TableName");

②、将DataTable添加到DataSet对象的Table集合
    DataSet ds = new DataSet();   DataTable tbl = new DataTable("Customers");   ds.Tables.Add(tbl);     DataSet ds = new DataSet();   DataTable tbl = ds.Tables.Add("Customers");
DataTable对象只能存在于至多一个DataSet对象中。如果希望将DataTable添加到多个DataSet中,就必须使用Copy方法或Clone方法。Copy方法创建一个与原DataTable结构相同并且包含相同行的新DataTable;Clone方法创建一个与原DataTable结构相同,但没有包含任何行的新DataTable。

③、为DataTable添加列
    DataTable tbl = ds.Tables.Add("Orders");   DataColumn col =tbl.Columns.Add("OrderID",typeof(int));   col.AllowDBNull = false;   col.MaxLength = 5;   col.Unique = true;   tbl.PrimaryKey = new DataColumn[]{tbl.Columns["CustomersID"]};

    当设置主键时,AllowDBNull自动设置为False;

④、处理自动增量列
    DataSet ds = new DataSet();   DataTable tbl = ds.Tables.Add("Orders");   DataColumn col = tbl.Columns.Add("OrderID",typeof(int));   col.AutoIncrement = true;   col.AutoIncrementSeed = -1;   col.AutoIncrementStep = -1;   col.ReadOnly = true;
⑤、添加基于表达式的列
    tbl.Columns.Add("ItemTotal",typeof(Decimal),"Quantity*UnitPrice");
6、修改DataTable内容
①、添加新DataRow

    DataRow row = ds.Tables["Customers"].NewRow();   row["CustomerID"] = "ALFKI";    ds.Tables["Customers"].Rows.Add(row);     object[] aValues ={"ALFKI","Alfreds","Anders","030-22222"};   da.Tables["Customers"].LoadDataRow(aValues,false);

②、修改当前行

修改行的内容逼供内不会自动修改数据库中相应的内容,对行所做的修改被视为是随后将使用SqlDataAdapter对象来提交交给数据库的待定的更改。
    DataRow rowCustomer; rowCustomer = ds.Tables["Custoemrs"].Rows.Find("ANTON"); if(rowCustomer == null) //没有查找客户 else { rowCustomer["CompanyName"] ="NewCompanyName"; rowCustomer["ContactName"] ="NewContactName"; } //推荐使用这种方式 DataRow rowCustomer; rowCustomer = ds.Tables["Custoemrs"].Rows.Find("ANTON"); if(rowCustomer == null) //没有查找客户 else { rowCustomer.BeginEdit(); rowCustomer["CompanyName"] ="NewCompanyName"; rowCustomer["ContactName"] ="NewContactName"; rowCustomer.EndEdit(); } //null表示不修改该列的数据 obejct[] aCustomer ={null,"NewCompanyName","NewContactName",null} DataRow rowCustomer; rowCustomer = ds.Tables["Customers"].Rows.Find("ALFKI"); rowCustomer.ItemArray = aCustomer;

③、处理DataRow的空值
//查看是否为空 DataRow rowCustomer; rowCustomer = ds.Tables["Customers"].Rows.Find("ALFKI"); if(rowCustomer.IsNull("Phone")) Console.WriteLine("It's Null"); else Console.WriteLine("It's not Null"); //赋予空值 rowCustomer["Phone"] = DBNull.Value;
④、删除DataRow
DataRow rowCustomer; rowCustomer = ds.Tables["Customers"].Rows.Find("ALFKI"); rowCustomer.Delete();
⑤、清除DataRow
DataRow rowCustomer = ds.Tables["Customers"].Rows.Find("ALFKI"); rowCustomer.ItemArray = aCustomer; da.Tables["Customers"].Remove(rowCustomer); 或者

ds.Tables["Customers"].RemoveAt(intIndex); ⑥、使用DataRow.RowState属性 :Unchanged,Detached,Added,Modified,Deleted
private void DemonstrateRowState() { // Run a function to create a DataTable with one column. DataTable myTable = MakeTable();DataRow myRow; // Create a new DataRow. myRow = myTable.NewRow();// Detached row. Console.WriteLine("New Row " + myRow.RowState); myTable.Rows.Add(myRow);// New row. Console.WriteLine("AddRow " + myRow.RowState); myTable.AcceptChanges();// Unchanged row. Console.WriteLine("AcceptChanges " + myRow.RowState); myRow["FirstName"] = "Scott";// Modified row. Console.WriteLine("Modified " + myRow.RowState); myRow.Delete();// Deleted row. Console.WriteLine("Deleted " + myRow.RowState);}
⑦、检查DataRow中的挂起更改
DataRow rowCustomer; rowCustomer = ds.Tables["Customers"].Rows.Find("ALFKI"); rowCustomer["CompanyName"] = "NewCompanyName"; string strNewCompanyName,strOldCompanyName; Console.WriteLine(rowCustomer["CompanyName",DataRowVersion.Current]); Console.WriteLine(rowCustomer["CompanyName",DataRowVersion.Original]);
页: [1]
查看完整版本: C# DataSet和DataTable详解(一)