List 迭代过程中删除元素
List 迭代过程中删除元素采用list.remove(obj)会造成其size自减,modCount自增而产生问题:Collection list = new ArrayList();list.add("creek");list.add("misty");list.add("forest");Iterator iter = list.iterator();while (iter.hasNext()) { Object obj = iter.next(); if ("creek".equals(obj)) list.remove(obj);}
运行时会报java.util.ConcurrentModificationException错误。
我们先看看java.util.ArrayList的相关代码:
private void fastRemove(int index) {modCount++;int numMoved = size - index - 1;if (numMoved > 0)System.arraycopy(elementData, index+1, elementData, index, numMoved);elementData[--size] = null; // Let gc do its work}
还有java.util.AbstractList的:
int expectedModCount = modCount;public boolean hasNext() {return cursor != size();}public E next() {checkForComodification();try {E next = get(cursor);lastRet = cursor++;return next;} catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {checkForComodification();throw new NoSuchElementException();}}final void checkForComodification() {if (modCount != expectedModCount)throw new ConcurrentModificationException();}
当调用iterator()方法的时候,expectedModCount = modCount (等于3,三次添加元素)
第一次循环的时候,把第一个元素给删除了,这时modCount++ (等于4)
第二次调用iter.next()会调用checkForComodification()方法,check到这两个值不相等,所以报异常。
如果我们需要在迭代的过程中对元素进行删除操作,使用AbstractList提供的remove()方法,当然这也不是线程安全的:
public void remove() { if (lastRet == -1)throw new IllegalStateException(); checkForComodification(); try {AbstractList.this.remove(lastRet);if (lastRet < cursor) cursor--;lastRet = -1;// Let the values of the two variables be equal// so that the check would be passedexpectedModCount = modCount; } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {throw new ConcurrentModificationException(); }}
可以看到这里的expectedModCount已经设置成和modCount相等了。
另一种方式是利用并发库里的CopyOnWriteArrayList类:
Collection list = new CopyOnWriteArrayList();...
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