Sybase ASE15.0.2中使用嵌入式SQL/C编程
使用C接口访问Sybase ASE，有多种方式。见到itpub论坛上有人问起，索性做一个简单的demo。发现，使用SQL/C比Open Client接口更直观，比较适合喜欢偷懒的coder.下边介绍详细过程.1. 数据库环境
数据库iihero, 有用户spring/spring1, 使用sa用户登录,执行如下脚本(test_proc.sql),目的是创建一个示例表及数据,并为它创建一个存储过程,给后边的程序用.
use iiherogosetuser 'spring'goif exists ( select 1 from sysobjects where name = 'test_proc' )drop proc test_procgoif exists ( select 1 from sysobjects where name = 't123')drop table t123gocreate table t123(id int primary key, col2 varchar(32) not null)insert into t123 values(1, 'iihero')insert into t123 values(2, 'Sybase')insert into t123 values(3, 'ASE')gocreate proc test_proc (@id_min int, @num_t123 int output) with recompileasselect @num_t123 = count( a.id ) from iihero.spring.t123 a where a.id > = @id_mingo setusergodeclare @num_t123 intexec spring.test_proc 1, @num_t123 output-- select @num_123 = count(a.id) from iihero.spring.t123 a where a.id>=1select @num_t123go
最后它有一段验证过程.结果显然是3了.
2. 看我们的程序.
就是通过嵌入式SQL访问这个存储过程test_proc,并返回结果(example.cp), 内容如下:
#define ERREXIT -1#define STDEXIT 0#include <stdio.h>/* Declare the SQLCA. */EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA;EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION;#define TYPESIZE 13#define TIDSIZE 6EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION;#defineEOLN '\0'void error_handler(void){ fprintf(stderr, "\n** SQLCODE=(%ld)", sqlca.sqlcode); if (sqlca.sqlerrm.sqlerrml) { fprintf(stderr, "\n** ASE Error "); fprintf(stderr, "\n** %s", sqlca.sqlerrm.sqlerrmc); } fprintf(stderr, "\n\n"); exit(ERREXIT);}void warning_handler(void){ if (sqlca.sqlwarn == 'W') { fprintf(stderr, "\n** Data truncated.\n"); } if (sqlca.sqlwarn == 'W') { fprintf(stderr, "\n** Insufficient host variables to store results.\n"); } return;}int main(){ EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION; /* storage for login name and password. */ char username; char password; EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION; EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION; CS_INT id_min; CS_INT num_t123; CS_SMALLINT retcode; EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION; EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CALL error_handler(); EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLWARNING CALL warning_handler(); EXEC SQL WHENEVER NOT FOUND CONTINUE; strcpy(username, "spring"); strcpy(password, "spring1"); EXEC SQL CONNECT :username IDENTIFIED BY :password; EXEC SQL USE iihero; printf("Begin test!\n"); id_min = 0; exec sql exec :retcode = test_proc :id_min, :num_t123 output; printf("num_t123=%ld\n", num_t123); EXEC SQL DISCONNECT DEFAULT; printf("End test!\n"); return STDEXIT;}
3. 编译和链接
Sybase ASE中的SQL/C编程,需要进行预编译,编译,链接三个步骤.
首先要从命令行里进入vc6的dos环境, 就是进入控制台窗口,运行VC98\bin下边的VCVARS32.bat文件.
确保你的LIB变量有%SYBASE%\%SYBASE_OCS%\lib这个路径.
a. 预编译: (预编译命令是cpre)
E:\MyDocument\MYBOOKS\ASE\code\esqlc>cpre -CMSVC -m -O example.c example.cp
Precompilation Successful. No Errors or Warnings found.
Statistical Report:
Program name: cpre
Options specified: /m
Input file name: example.cp
Listing file name:
Target file name: example.c
ISQL file name:
Tag ID specified:
Compiler used: MSVC
Open Client version: CS_VERSION_150
Number of information messages: 11
Number of warning messages: 0
Number of error messages: 0
Number of SQL statements parsed: 11
Number of host variables declared: 6
Number of SQL cursors declared: 0
Number of dynamic SQL statements: 0
Number of stored Procedures generated: 1
Connection(s) information:
User id:
Server:
Database:
b. 编译: (它还需要%SYBASE%\%SYBASE_OCS%\include\sybesql.c编译成obj文件)
因此使用如下命令,编译两个.c文件:
E:\MyDocument\MYBOOKS\ASE\code\esqlc>cl /DDEBUG=1 /D_DEBUG=1 /DNET_DEBUG=1 /Od /
Z7 /MD /nologo /DWIN32 -Id:\sybase\OCS-15_0\include d:\sybase\OCS-15_0\include\s
ybesql.c example.c /c
sybesql.c
example.c
Generating Code...
c. 链接:
E:\MyDocument\MYBOOKS\ASE\code\esqlc>link example.obj sybesql.obj /out:example.e
xe libsybct.lib libsybcs.lib MSVCRT.lib
Microsoft (R) Incremental Linker Version 6.00.8447
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corp 1992-1998. All rights reserved.
3. 最后结果:
E:\MyDocument\MYBOOKS\ASE\code\esqlc>example.exe
Begin test!
num_t123=3
End test!
上述过程只是简单的演示一下一个简单的存储过程在SYBASE ESQL/C中的使用. 有兴趣可以一试.
至于编译器,VC6, VC7/8/9,都应该支持.
之所以使用命令行,是因为不想依赖于集成开发环境.
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